Drivers of cost-push inflation - used

GLOBAL MARKETS

Transportation costs

AIR: HIGH | SEA: HIGH
Deep Sea freight costsAir freight costs04-201603-201702-201801-201912-201911-202010-202109-202208-202307-202406-2025100120140160180200
UNITED STATES

Wage growth

WAGES: FADING | NOT INFLATIONARY
WagesHours workedQ2 2016Q1 2017Q1 2018Q1 2019Q4 2019Q4 2020Q4 2021Q3 2022Q3 2023Q3 2024Q2 2025-2%2%4%6%
UNITED STATES

Capacity Utilization

LATEST: LOWER | NOT INFLATIONARY
12-202204-202308-202312-202304-202408-202412-202404-202508-202512-202560%65%70%75%80%85%90%

Insights

CONCEPT

How are production costs influencing inflation? We monitor here: (1) global supply chains via key transportation costs to pick-up any bottlenecks (indexed); emerging wage pressures and productivity gains; (3) industrial capacity utilization. Any stress emerging from those factors will likely raise inflation in the near future.

CURRENT READINGS
  • Wage growth in the US is elevated. Falling hourly wage growth is fully explained by the recent increase in hours worked with no expected income on inflation trends.
  • Deep Sea freight costs (=shipping by boat) are currently elevated and declining - a welsome sidng of relief.Air freight costs (=urgent shipping by plane) are elevated: air transportation costs remain relatively high and volatile, pointing out to ongoing inflation pressures.
  • Finally, at 75.66%, industrial capacity utilization is limited and declining, and remains below the historical limit that anticipates emerging inflation pressures.
MARKET IMPLICATIONS

In light of the above, production activites offer mixed views with some cost-push pressures that could marginally contribute to rising prices.

Remember that inflation is driven by several factors: (1) demand pull factors - too much money chasing too few goods (rising demand for goods & services with shrinking supply) proxied by economic growth; (2) cost push factors analyzed here; (3) changing inflation expectations.